Beds were originally made from natural materials like wood, straw, and animal skin. In the Renaissance, beds became more elaborate and were made from expensive materials like oak, walnut, and mahogany. In the 20th century, mattresses were made from foam and latex, which made them more comfortable and durable.

In pre-history, beds were simple pits filled with grass and hay, with a goatskin on top. In the Renaissance, beds became larger and more elaborate, with four-poster beds and walls. The Ancient Egyptians invented the raised platform bed to keep the sleeper off the cold ground and away from pests. 

In the 18th century, mattresses were stuffed with cotton instead of feathers or hay. In the 19th century, the metal coil spring mattress was invented, which provided more support and comfort than the woven design that came before it. In the 20th century, the invention of memory foam and latex made mattresses even more comfortable. 

In the Industrial Revolution, new technologies allowed for the mass production of metal bed frames and coil spring mattresses

In the 17th and 18th centuries, beds were a status symbol for the wealthy and were decorated with expensive curtains.